You are already aware that files are stored on external storage media. There could be many files on a disk, and this may pose a problem when a^particular file has to be located. Therefore, files must be organized in an orderly manner.
To understand this concept of file organization on a disk, let us take the example of a library. Figure shows the library layout.
You can see that the library has four floors and each floor has books belonging to a certain area of learning (arts, science, engineering, and so on). Each floor has been divided into a number of rooms, which contain books dealing with a specific subject within the area.
Thus, the school of arts has been divided into four sub-units. If you wish to locate a book on Indian history, you do not have to search through the entire library. You can go directly to the school of arts where you would find all books on history in the third room. This helps you locate the particular book you want much faster than if you were to search through the entire library, or even the entire first floor containing books pertaining to the school of arts. Since you know that the book on Indian history is likely to be in the History room, you would only have to look for ft there. Just like the books in a library are arranged in a structured manner, so should the files be arranged on a storage medium.
Library Floors and Rooms